The
monastery of Jasna Gora, near Czestochowa in Poland, dates from the
14th century. In the 17th century, as Poland attempted to expand to the
east, a major counter-offensive led by the Russians and the Swedes
ensued. Then, in 1655, the Virgin appeared to the religious of the
monastery of Czestochowa who managed to repel the Swedes’ attack. On
April 1st, 1656, the Polish King Casimir consecrated the country to Mary
and proclaimed Our Lady of Czestochowa the Patroness of Poland.
In the 20th
century, Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany. The German governor in
Poland wrote in his diary: "At a time when Poland was completely
submerged in darkness, a light always remained lit: the shrine of
Czestochowa and the Church."
At the end of
the war, Poland regained its independence but with a communist
government. It was then that Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, to mark the
millennium of the evangelization of Poland, organized a house to house
pilgrimage of a reproduction of the image of Our Lady of Częstochowa.
This event had a very strong popular impact and planted the seed of
resistance to Communism.
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