Kazan
(literally "cauldron") is a Russian city and the capital of the
Republic of Tatarstan, 720 km east of Moscow. According to experts, the
icon of the Madonna and Child dates back to the 13th century. It is of
the "Hodegetria" type, the one that shows Jesus, the Way. It was painted
in Constantinople and kept in a monastery in Kazan, where it
disappeared in 1209, during the invasion of the Tartars.
When
Ivan the Terrible reconquered the region, the city of Kazan was burned
(1552). The Virgin of Kazan appeared three times to a 10-year-old child
inviting him to dig up the icon from underneath the ashes, where it had
been hidden by the faithful during the Tartar invasion.
Nobody
believed the child, who began to search and found the icon intact, on
July 8, 1579. Then the archbishop organized a solemn procession to the
church of Saint Nicolas. On the way, two blind men, Joseph and Nikita,
recovered their sight.
After
long wanderings that went through Poland, the Kazan icon "soul of the
Russian people" was returned to Russia at the request of Saint Pope John
Paul II, to its original church in Kazan, on Thursday, July 21, 2005.
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